2026, Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A
Grid-Scale energy storage integration for renewable energy management in the Spanish electricity network
Author(s): Carlos García Fernández
Abstract: Spain has achieved remarkable renewable energy integration with wind and solar generation frequently exceeding 50% of electricity demand, yet the variability of these resources creates grid management challenges that energy storage can address. This research examined the current state and future requirements for grid-scale energy storage deployment across the Spanish electricity network from January 2023 through November 2023. Analysis encompassed operational data from existing storage facilities, techno-economic assessment of emerging technologies, and modeling of integration scenarios aligned with Spanish National Energy and Climate Plan targets. Spain currently operates 8.7 GW of grid-connected energy storage capacity dominated by pumped hydro facilities representing 78.3% of total capacity, with lithium-ion battery installations growing rapidly to reach 12.4% market share. Round-trip efficiency varied substantially across technologies, with lithium-ion batteries achieving 92.3% compared to 78.1% for pumped hydro and 52.4% for compressed air systems. Economic analysis of a representative 50 MW lithium-ion installation indicated levelized storage costs of €87 per MWh, with battery cells comprising 52.7% of capital expenditure. Field monitoring at eighteen operational facilities documented capacity factors averaging 24.7% for frequency regulation services and 31.2% for renewable energy time-shifting applications. The investigation identified optimal storage deployment scenarios requiring 15.8 GW additional capacity by 2030 to accommodate planned renewable expansion, with battery storage offering the most favorable economics for durations below six hours while pumped hydro remains competitive for longer-duration requirements. These findings provide strategic guidance for Spanish grid operators and policymakers advancing energy storage deployment to support continued renewable energy growth.
DOI: 10.22271/27083969.2026.v7.i1a.94
Pages: 41-47 | Views: 33 | Downloads: 15
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How to cite this article:
Carlos García Fernández. Grid-Scale energy storage integration for renewable energy management in the Spanish electricity network. Int J Electr Data Commun 2026;7(1):41-47. DOI: 10.22271/27083969.2026.v7.i1a.94
